*What is Immune System?
Types and Parts of Immune System*
*What is Immune System?*
Immune system is a system which protects humans from infection of different kinds of diseases. It is like police system of the body to protect human from pathogens. It protects human from bacteria, viruses and other variety of pathogens.
*Types of Immune System*
Every organisms have two systems innate immune system and adopted immune system. The Innate immune system has provided preconfigured response to to situations and stimuli. The adopted immune system has provided a tailored response to stimuli through learning and recognizing pathogens. Both immune system has required to molecules and cells to defense the body.
*Parts of Immune System*
*Antibodies*
Antibodies has helped the body to fight microbes or the toxins (poisons) they produce. Antibodies donethis by identifying substances called antigens on the surface of the microbe, or in the chemicals that they produce; that mark the microbe or toxin as being foreign. The antibodies after recognition mark these antigens for breakage. There include proteins, many cells, and chemicals which are involved in this attack.
*White blood cells*
White blood cells are the main players in humans immune system. They are produced in bone marrow and become part of the lymphatic system.White blood cells circulate through blood and tissue throughout humans body. Always search for foreign invaders (microbes) like viruses, bacterias, fungi and parasite. When white blood cells have found them; launch an immune attack.White blood cells has included lymphocytes like B-cells, natural killer cells and T-cells ; many different types of immune cells. *Complement system* This system is made of proteins which actions complement the work done by antibodies.
*Lymphatic system*
The lymphatic system has a network of delicate tubes throughout the body. The main roles isDeal with cancer cellsManage the fluid levelsReacted to bacteriaDeal with cell products that would result in disease or disordersAbsorb some of the fats in diet from the intestine.
*The lymphatic System has Made:*
Lymph nodes or lymph glands (which trap microbes)Lymph vessels; tubes which carry lymph and the colourless fluid that bathes body’s tissues and has carried infection fighting white blood cells (lymphocytes).
*Bone marrow*
Bone marrow; the spongy tissue finds inside humans bones. It has producedthe red blood cells of humans bodies that need to carry oxygen, and the white blood cells humans bodies use to fight infection, and the platelets human bodies need to help blood clot.
*Spleen*
The spleen is a blood-filtering organ that removes microbes and destroys old or damaged red blood cells. It also makes disease-fighting components of the immune system (including antibodies and lymphocytes).
*Thymus*
It filters and monitors humans body blood content; produces the white blood cells that called T-lymphocytes. The body has other defences against microbes; as well as the immune system. *The body has several other ways to defend against microbes which are;*
*Skin:*
(a waterproof barrier) secretes oil which has ability to kill bacteria properties.
*Lungs:*
(mucous in the lungs or phlegm) which traps foreign particles; small hairs (cilia) wave the mucous upwards so it can caught out.
*Digestive tract* :
the mucous lining contains antibodies; the acid in the stomach has ability to kill most microbes.
*Other Defences*
Body fluids such as skin oil, saliva and tears have anti-bacterial enzymes which help to reduce the risk of infection; flushing of the urinary tract, and the bowel also helps.